A Proposal of Sustainability:

Environmental Policy for the University of the South

 

 

 

Lane P. Shackleton & Katharine K. Wilkinson

 

2004 - 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contents:

 

 

I.               Why Sewanee Needs An Environmental Policy                                                   p. 2

II.             Proposed Environmental Mission Statement for Sewanee                                    p. 4

III.           Proposed Environmental Policy for Sewanee                                                       p. 4

IV.          Related Environmental Recommendations                                                            p. 5

V.            Campus Environmental Coordinator Job Description                                           p. 8

VI.          Appendix A: Historical Progression of SewaneeÕs Environmental Culture          p. 9

VII.        Appendix B: The Talloires Declaration                                                                 p. 13

VIII.      Appendix C: Environmental Resolutions of Southern Episcopal Dioceses           p. 14

IX.          Appendix D: Recommended Reading                                                                   p. 17

X.            Closing Thought                                                                                                   p. 18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lane P. Shackleton is a senior from Atlanta, Ga., majoring in Environmental Studies: Natural Resources and minoring in Anthropology.  During his junior year at Sewanee, Lane studied abroad in Australia.  He is a member of the Order of the Gownsmen, serves as student Climbing

Director for the Sewanee Outing Program, and is an All Conference baseball player.

 

 

Katharine K. Wilkinson is a senior from Atlanta, Ga., majoring in Religion and minoring in Environmental Studies and Political Science.  She is a Benedict Scholar, Captain of the Sewanee Equestrian Team, and Co-Chair of the Environmental Residents Program.  During her time at Sewanee, Katharine has studied abroad in Costa Rica and Geneva, Switzerland.  She is a member of the Order of Gownsmen, Student Assembly, Omicron Delta Kappa and Phi Beta Kappa. 

 

 

A Proposal of Sustainability:

Environmental Policy for the University of the South

 

 

I. Why Sewanee Needs an Environmental Policy

 

All institutions of higher learning have major impacts on their local, regional, and global environments.  Julian Keniry argues in Ecodemia these colleges and universities, Òwhere visionary thinking often rubs against the daily demands of institutional life, are [also] uniquely positioned to help invent the greener communities needed for the next century.Ó[1]  In other words, these schools are perfectly situated to take the lead in solving the worldÕs current environmental problems.  By working to reduce the impacts that result from their activities, these institutions can educate through demonstration of environmental sustainability.  As Sarah Hammond Creighton says in Greening the Ivory Tower:

 

It is the very nature of universities – as institutions that educate students for the future – that should motivate them to implement a vision of minimal impact on the natural world. . . . By greening their own campuses, universities and colleges can teach and demonstrate the principles of awareness and stewardship of the natural world, while increasing their chances of clean and pleasant local and global environments for the future.[2]

 

In a world in which environmental concerns permeate virtually every realm, institutions of higher education must not only take the lead in discussing these problems but must also serve as an example of acting to solve them.  After all, if the communities populated by bright-minded citizens cannot achieve environmental sustainability, how will any?

 

SewaneeÕs unique heritage and location place it in an ideal position, among institutions of higher learning, to be an exemplar of campus sustainability.  That is to say, we, as a community, could choose to live with such profound environmental care and concern that our actions would draw people to Sewanee, provide an example for others to follow, engage students in an experiential education to carry away with them, and enrich our communal sense of moral responsibility.  Sewanee does not have to follow the path that other sustainable institutions have laid out, nor should it.  Certainly, the University can be educated by those choices, but SewaneeÕs environmental ethic could grow out of and be informed by its unique location and heritage.  Our environmental model could express the essence of Sewanee itself.  We have three singular gifts: the 10,000 acre Domain, a community dedicated to this place, and a connection to the Christian (and specifically Episcopalian) tradition.  This triple inheritance of people, place, and heritage may engender a particular culture of sustainability here, centering upon a community consciously enlarged to encompass both the natural and the divine, as indeed, both encompass humanity.  Developing this kind of intentional, resolved community, however, demands a commitment.  Sewanee needs a formalized policy statement to guide its unique development towards environmental excellence.

 

In a passage familiar to lovers of this place, Gardner Tucker has written that Sewanee is:

 

A towered city, set within a wood,

far from the world, upon a mountain crest.

There storms of life burst not, nor cares intrude.

There learning dwells and Peace is WisdomÕs guest.

 

TuckerÕs assessment of the gift of this place could not be more accurate.  Sewanee is a treasure in which we are blessed to share.  But though this mountain may lead us into peace and wisdom, we must not allow it to lull us into neglect.  Surrounded by a stunning 10,000 acres – including the many scenic bluffs, cascading waterfalls, intricate cave systems, diverse vegetation, and abundant wildlife – we may easily lapse into a sense of being environmentally angelic.  We must not, however, allow our sense of inhabiting Arcadia to generate a false sense of being ecologically infallible here or of being removed from that which exists outside the gates.  We have an impact on the world beyond, just as it has an impact on Sewanee.

 

Further, in Lanterns on the Levee William Alexander Percy says Sewanee is:

 

a long way from Chattanooga, in the middle of woods, on top of a bastion of mountains crenellated with blue coves.  It is so beautiful that people who have once been there always, one way or another, come back.  For such as can detect apple green in an evening sky, it is Arcadia – not the one that never used to be, but the one that many people always live in; only this one can be shared. 

 

Idyllic, Percy says, yes, but this Arcadia of Sewanee is also real, living, unfolding – which means that this place is fragile, requiring our commitment to its care and preservation.  As an Arcadia in which people live, on which people depend, and with which people interact, she has risked her own pastoral perfection; Sewanee has generously shared itself with us, but in doing so has also opened itself up to the possibility of ruin.  Out of respect for the generous and fragile gift that we have been given, we must honor our responsibility to revere and protect it.  We must be stewards of this idyllic place.

 

On May 7, 1993, the University Board of Trustees adopted the following mission statement, which may guide and inform this imperative of sustainability:

 

The University of the South, an institution of the Episcopal Church, exists for education in such disciplines as will increase knowledge, understanding, and wisdom, pursued in close community and in full freedom of inquiry, and enlightened by Christian faith, to the end that students may be prepared to search for truth, to seek justice for all, to preserve liberty under law, and to love and serve God and humanity.

 

Though not explicitly mentioned here, the call to environmental stewardship permeates this mission statement, particularly in the final passage, which expresses the call Òto love and serve God and humanity.Ó  In our current world, under our current conditions, one cannot hear this call without noting the echo of environmental responsibility.  Episcopalian institutions throughout the country are also hearing and responding to this call as specific to their religious mission (see section IV).  Out of respect and love for both Creator and creation, they are taking the lead in environmental stewardship, blazing new paths towards ecological sustainability.  Let us join them in these efforts.

 

 

II. Proposed Environmental Mission Statement for Sewanee

 

In keeping with our heritage and mission, the University will strive for an enlightened and compassionate stewardship of the natural resources and environment of the Domain. We shall exercise this stewardship by reducing waste and eliminating pollution, by restoring damaged or abused areas, by identifying and protecting critical species and habitats, by promoting the economic justice that is the root of all good environmental protection, and by seeking to make the Domain an environmental model to our neighbors and to those who are touched by our influence. We shall do this by precept in our policies and in our classes and by practice as we manage the Domain. To the end that we shall say of the Domain entrusted to us as we say of our common life: ecce quam bonum. Behold How Good.

 

 

III. Proposed Environmental Policy for Sewanee

 

The University of the South hereby affirms its awareness of the interdependence of human and ecological systems, its concern for global environmental health, and its commitment to be a leader in sustainability.

 

The University will strive to:

 

v    Serve as a model of environmental sustainability

v    Act as an environmental leader in higher education

v    Promote a culture of sustainability on campus

v    Foster environmental education in and out of the classroom

v    Engender environmental awareness and responsibility throughout the University community

v    Support students, faculty, and staff as they explore new ways to be responsible citizens

v    Collaborate with other organizations locally, nationally, and internationally to promote  

sustainability

 

The University will act to achieve these goals by striving to:

 

General Standards

v    Work to fulfill the 10 Point Action Plan of the Talloires Declaration

v    Encourage consideration of environmental impacts in all decision-making

v    Ensure full compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations

v    Implement sustained institutional environmental leadership

v    Conserve natural resources

v    Safeguard environmental health and safety

v    Conduct regular environmental audits

v    Market SewaneeÕs ÒgreenÓ achievements

Standards of Purchasing and Waste Disposal

v    Aim to purchase products that are environmentally safe and sustainable

v    Increase the purchase and use of clean, renewable energy

v    Reduce solid-waste generation and emphasize re-use when possible

v    Promote recycling and other alternatives to conventional waste disposal

v    Minimize the use of toxic substances and promote proper disposal of those necessary

 

Standards of Planning and Building

v    Increase energy efficiency in campus buildings and transportation

v    Take into consideration long-term economic benefits and concerns during campus planning

v    Incorporate sustainable technology into campus building and renovation

v    Employ principles of sustainable design

v    Respect existing natural spaces during University growth and aim to protect them whenever possible

 

 

IV. Related Environmental Recommendations

 

v    Building

 

As in the past and present, in the future, the University will undergo renovations and construction of new buildings.  Currently the University is not obtaining LEED certification but is, at best, utilizing the standards as guidelines for building.  We recommend that the University achieve LEED standards on all future building projects, making sure to evaluate the money saving prospects in the long term as well as the short term when assessing their application.  In addition, it would be valuable to formalize a system in which students and concerned faculty could conduct Environmental Impact Statements on building construction and renovation.  This process is currently being employed informally, but we recommend that it become a standard aspect of environmental responsibility in all future projects.  Moreover, the EIS process would provide an excellent educational opportunity and give students important practical experience for future endeavors.

 

v    Campus Environmental Coordinator

 

The University currently lacks an individual to synthesize, coordinate, and encourage environmental initiatives on campus.  Thus, we recommend creating a position for a Campus Environmental Coordinator who would have the responsibility of researching, developing, and influencing sustainable action on campus.  He or she would be dedicated to addressing unregulated environmental impacts, serve as a resource, and provide a link between the academic and operational parts of Sewanee.  (Please see full job description in section V. for further recommendations.)

 

 

 

v    Energy

 

The UniversityÕs energy supply currently comes from the Tennessee Valley Authority, and is thus primarily coal-derived power.  Because of the associated environmental impacts of fossil fuel energy, Sewanee has made a commitment to purchasing a percentage of its use through TVAÕs Green Power Switch program (5% in 2005, 10% in 2006, and 15% in 2007).  GSP generates clean, renewable energy through solar, wind, and methane production.  We recommend that the University now consider the installation of solar panels or a wind turbine here on campus to make our commitment both more visible and more educational. 

 

To date, the UniversityÕs energy efficiency measures have not been particularly comprehensive.  We recommend that an all-inclusive energy conservation initiative be undertaken which would focus on five major sectors: 1) insulation, 2) ventilation, 3) lighting, 4) office equipment, and 5) heating and cooling.

 

v    Environmental Loan Fund / Environmental Residents Program

 

A positive way to promote environmental stewardship would be to institute dorm- and building-based conservation efforts.  This type of initiative would include the development of a revolving environmental loan fund that would help students and faculty pay for and carry out environmentally friendly/money saving projects.  Examples might include repairing small water leaks that waste water and money or employing environmentally friendly lighting solutions in older buildings.

 

v    Environmental Orientation

 

In order to introduce new students to environmental life at Sewanee, we recommend that during orientation new students are given a short and simple introduction to environmental stewardship and related opportunities at Sewanee.  This program would be most effectively carried out by the directors of the Environmental Residents Program, the Eco-House, and WasteNot, as well as the Campus Environmental Coordinator, should such a position be created.  It could include a short presentation on sustainable living for incoming students, as well as providing them with a student environmental handbook.

 

v    McClurg

 

In order to foster community growth and promote environmentally friendly eating habits on campus, we recommend that McClurg/Aramark purchase organic foods from local farmers (an initiative the Aramark staff has already begun to research).  In this spirit, it would also be valuable to donate excess food to local shelters and needy organizations.  (The experiences of other institutions suggest that ÒGood Samaritan LawsÓ should protect McClurg/Aramark from liability.)  In addition, we recommend that McClurg consider utilizing a composting system that would reduce the overall waste output and provide free natural fertilizers.  It is also important that McClurg publicizes and continues to improve vegan and vegetarian dining options.

 

 

v    Paper

 

Currently the University is doing well using a high level of recycled paper; it is our recommendation that it take the next step and commit to using 100% recycled paper.  In response to an ever growing paper consumption rate, we recommend that the University require or standardize the practice of double-sided printing/copying in order to reduce the overall paper input/output.  We also recommend that the University consider instituting a Òpaper limit,Ó beyond which students must pay by the page to print.  Such a system would encourage greater care and awareness about printing choices.

 

v    Purchasing

 

The University currently purchases some ÒgreenÓ products.  Because institutions of higher learning have the potential to shift markets in favor of environmentally friendly goods and services, however, we recommend that a more comprehensive and formalized commitment to sustainable purchasing be made.  This would require buying products that are the most environmentally sound and purchasing from environmentally responsible and/or local companies whenever possible.

 

v    Sewanee Environmental Alumni Council

 

The University currently has numerous alumni working in environmental fields, including planning, policy, consulting, and more.  We recommend that the University establish an environmental trust that engages these graduates and employs their expertise in environmental planning and decision making at Sewanee.  We recommend that an environmental conference be held in the near future, to bring these valuable human resources to campus for round-table discussion about possibilities for future sustainability at the University, and to demonstrate our commitment to Sewanee alums and the general public.

 

v    Solid Waste

 

The University currently employs traditional landfill disposal of solid wastes generated on campus.  Due to the many environmental problems associated with landfills, we recommend that Sewanee consider using a local company called WastAway instead.  WastAway (of the Bouldin Corporation) recycles household garbage into safe, usable materials.  Employing the same pick-up system, our waste could be transported to a near-by WastAway facility (actually closer than our current landfill), where it would be converted into a stable substance called fluff that can be used as an effective growing medium or extruded to make products such as park benches, parking curbs, landscaping timbers, and fences.  This switch would protect our local environment as well as benefiting local economies.  The WastAway system was developed in near-by McMinville, TN and produces many jobs for communities currently suffering from relocation of manufacturing plants overseas.  Further, Sewanee could display this environmentally sustainable choice through developing a demonstration garden that utilizes fluff for growing plants and the attractive recycled benches and fences for its necessary structures.  

 

 

v    Transportation

 

Currently the University and Physical Plant Services are moving toward the use of non-street vehicles.  In the interest of reducing fossil fuels and maximizing energy use, we recommend that the University continue this shift toward utilizing golf carts and ÒGaitorsÓ to stress fuel efficiency and phase out large inefficient trucks.  In addition, it is important that the University continually reevaluate the possibility of using bio-fuels and other new high efficiency technologies, such as hybrid vehicles, for transportation needs.  Also at present, Sewanee has successfully moved towards the pedestrianization of campus, recommended by the Master Plan.  All students now walk to class.  We recommend that the University provide incentives for faculty and staff to drive less as well, and to encourage students to choose alternative forms of transportation for other occasions.

 

v    Water

 

Currently the University is locked into a contract that does not purchase front-loading washing machines.  We recommend that the University press this contract in order to ensure utilization of front-loading washers, which use about half as much water as the current top-loading washers do.  In addition, we recommend that the University continue its efforts to retrofit shower-heads, toilets, and faucets to low-flow devices.  It is also important that the University makes fixing water leaks and other water wastes a priority in order to save money and water.

 

 

V. Campus Environmental Coordinator Job description

 

v    Objective:

 

 

v    Roles and Responsibilities:

 

 

v    Qualifications:

 

 

 

VI.  Appendix A: Historical Progression of SewaneeÕs Environmental Culture

 

v    The Domain

 

Sewanee sits on 10,00 acres of upland forest, atop the Cumberland Plateau and continues to be rather undeveloped since the University's founding in 1857.  The domain has a variety of natural resources including coal, timber, stone and spring water.  During the 1950's lakes were dammed in order to provide drinking water.  In the 1960's the focus on the domain shifted from using to natural resources to protecting areas for aesthetics, research, and recreational use. 

 

v    The Old Farm

 

At one time Sewanee produced almost all of its own food at the University Farm (located just past the present baseball field).  The old farm was cleared around 1900 and was utilized for almost fifty years.  Corn and potatoes were the main products, while dairy cows were also used to obtain milk. 

 

v    Office of Domain Management

 

Gifford Pinchot, then head of the Division of Forestry, was contacted in 1897 after a need for management of SewaneeÕs forests was recognized.  The following year Pinchot visited the University, after which he contacted German forester Carl Schenck, founder of the Biltmore Forestry School.  In 1899 Schenck presented a report that included six recommendations from replanting to hiring a permanent University Forester.  John Foley completed the first formal Management Plan around 1903.  Later, in the 1920Õs and 30Õs, fires burned much of SewaneeÕs forests.  The forested areas of the University of the South are currently managed to support the mission of the University.  Specifically, these areas are managed to provide the following: educational and research opportunities, recreational opportunities, a supply of clean water, preservation of biological and cultural resources, and revenue from carefully conducted resource extraction. The Natural Resources Advisory Committee makes recommendations to the University Administration and the Trustees about how best to maintain these values.  The Office of Domain Management (located in Snowden Hall) administers these activities.

 

v    Forestry and Geology Department

 

Offering majors in Forestry, Geology, and Natural Resources, the Forestry and Geology Department is dedicated to providing integrated coursework and independent research in forested ecosystems, geology and other related disciplines.  It emphasizes an interdisciplinary approach because of the significant degree to which forest ecosystems and geological environments affect one another.  To accomplish its goals, the Department stresses work both within and outside the classroom, and trains students to integrate their field observations with theoretical concepts and analytical data.

 

v    Earth Day

 

The first Earth Day at Sewanee was held on April 22, 1970 and consisted of an all day Teach-In, during which normal activities – including classes – were set aside.  Instead, that time was used for students, faculty, and other community members to gather and discuss and engage in environmental issues.

 

v    Sewanee Utility District

 

In the late 1980's, with help from federal and state funding, Sewanee began utilizing a unique system for wastewater treatment.  The Sewanee Utility District is comprised of a series of three lagoons, which use natural processes to break down and treat effluent.  After passing through the lagoons, the water is chlorinated and sprayed onto an adjacent forest, increasing tree growth and completing the process.

 

v    Island Ecology

 

This five-week Sewanee summer program is offered through the departments of Biology, Psychology, Forestry and Geology.  The undeveloped ecological site of St. CatherineÕs Island, GA provides ample study opportunities in disciplines such as geology, wildlife ecology, botany, and oceanography.  Students engage in fieldwork and discern the impact of humans on the environment.

 

v    Landscape Analysis Lab

                                                                                                                                   

The Landscape Analysis Laboratory at Sewanee serves as a focal point for an interdisciplinary team of faculty, staff and students engaged in the study of land-use in the southeast and its ecological and socio-economic implications.  The LAL uses GIS technology to promote twin goals of environmental education and conservation science, while monitoring the pulse of the Cumberland Plateau.  From 2000 to 2002, the LAL conducted research through a grant from the U.S. EPA and US Fish and Wildlife Service, examining the ecological consequences of native hardwood conversion to pine plantations on the Cumberland Plateau, and developing cost-effective, technologically accessible tools for monitoring forest change at a scale appropriate for local land-use decision-making.

 

v    WasteNot

 

WasteNot is the student group that helped bring recycling to Sewanee.  It is dedicated to finding effective and efficient ways to recycle materials, to educating students about the ways and bene-fits of recycling, as well as to creating on-campus programs in which students can participate.

 

v    Environmental Studies Majors

 

The Environmental Studies Program brings together students, faculty, and staff from twelve academic departments to study, discuss, and research environmental issues at local, national, and international scales.  The goal is to expose students to a variety of viewpoints concerning environmental issues, and to give them the interdisciplinary tools they need to become environmental problem solvers before they graduate from Sewanee.  Established in 2003, the program now offers four majors and a minor in the Environmental Studies at Sewanee.  The four majors include Environmental Policy, Ecology & Biodiversity, Natural Resources & the Environment, and Environmental Chemistry.

 

v    Eco-Domain

 

Eco-Domain is an environmental committee that brings together concerned and engaged leaders of all sectors of the Sewanee community (students, faculty, and staff) to look at ways that the campus can continue to develop as a model of sustainability.  This group was central to the successful signing of the Talloires Declaration, and continues to work currently on a variety of initiatives.

 

v    Eco-House

 

Started in 2003, the Eco-House allows a group of students who share mutual environmental interests to live together with the goals of encouraging sustainable living, working together on environmental projects, participating in ecological service to the community, and promoting environmental education on campus. 

 

v    Environmental Residents Program

 

Initiated in the spring of 2003, the Environmental Residents Program – one of the first of its kind – seeks to increase environmental awareness and sustainable living through dorm-based educational initiatives and running a recycling program in the residence halls on campus.  The ERs also facilitate numerous campus projects, including the annual Earth Week events.

 

v    Food for Thought

 

Food for Thought is a summer program that explores the fields of ecology and sustainable agriculture through readings, writing assignments, discussions, hands-on learning in an organic garden, community life in a house dedicated to the program's themes, field trips, and service to the local community through work in a food bank.  The program has three main themes: (i) analysis of the intersection between ecology and agriculture, (ii) practical explorations of agricultural and ethical issues, and (iii) development of a sense of place through involvement in the local ecological and human community.

 

v    Talloires Declaration

 

In the Spring of 2004, Vice Chancellor Cunningham signed the Talloires Declaration, committing Sewanee to the principles of environmental sustainability in teaching, research, public service, and campus operations.  The Declaration is an international covenant that has been signed by over 300 colleges and universities in more than 40 countries.  (See below for the text of the DeclarationÕs 10-point action plan.)

 

v    Organic Foods

 

Beginning in 2003, Aramark Dining Services started to incorporate organic foods into McClurgÕs offerings.  Currently, students are working towards the inclusion of locally grown organic foods, which is a more environmentally sound way to feed the campus and supports local economies as well.

 

v    Renewable Energy

 

Thanks to the efforts of the Green Energy Coalition, in the Spring of 2004, Sewanee resolved to begin purchasing a percentage of its energy through TVAÕs Green Power Switch Program, ensuring its production from clean, renewable sources such as solar and wind.  The goal of this campaign was to decrease SewaneeÕs reliance on coal-power, which is a major contributor to global climate change, acid rain, smog, and a variety of health problems, among other effects.  The University has committed to 5% clean energy in 2005, 10% in 2006, and 15% in 2007.

 

v    SERP

 

Students for an Environmentally Responsible President became an organization in 2003, with the intention of bridging the gap between environmental organizing and politics at Sewanee.  SERP works in coordination with other groups on campus to promote civic engagement, and contributed to the record student turnout in the 2004 presidential elections.

 

v    Eco-Cup

 

February 2005 marked the first campus-wide environmental competition at Sewanee.  During that month, dorms competed with one another to reduce their water and energy usage, to increase their recycling output, and to attend a variety of events related to sustainability issues.

 

 

 

VII.  Appendix B: The Talloires Declaration

 

We, the presidents, rectors, and vice chancellors of universities from all regions of the world are deeply concerned about the unprecedented scale and speed of environmental pollution and degradation, and the depletion of natural resources.

 

Local, regional, and global air and water pollution; accumulation and distribution of toxic wastes; destruction and depletion of forests, soil, and water; depletion of the ozone layer and emission of "green house" gases threaten the survival of humans and thousands of other living species, the integrity of the earth and its biodiversity, the security of nations, and the heritage of future generations. These environmental changes are caused by inequitable and unsustainable production and consumption patterns that aggravate poverty in many regions of the world.

 

We believe that urgent actions are needed to address these fundamental problems and reverse the trends. Stabilization of human population, adoption of environmentally sound industrial and agricultural technologies, reforestation, and ecological restoration are crucial elements in creating an equitable and sustainable future for all humankind in harmony with nature.

 

Universities have a major role in the education, research, policy formation, and information exchange necessary to make these goals possible. Thus, university leaders must initiate and support mobilization of internal and external resources so that their institutions respond to this urgent challenge.

 

We, therefore, agree to take the following actions:

 

1.  Increase Awareness of Environmentally Sustainable Development

 

Use every opportunity to raise public, government, industry, foundation, and university awareness by openly addressing the urgent need to move toward an environmentally sustainable future.

 

2.  Create an Institutional Culture of Sustainability

 

Encourage all universities to engage in education, research, policy formation, and information exchange on population, environment, and development to move toward global sustainability.

 

3.  Educate for Environmentally Responsible Citizenship

 

Establish programs to produce expertise in environmental management, sustainable economic development, population, and related fields to ensure that all university graduates are environmentally literate and have the awareness and understanding to be ecologically responsible citizens.

 

4.  Foster Environmental Literacy for All

 

Create programs to develop the capability of university faculty to teach environmental literacy to all undergraduate, graduate, and professional students.

 

5.  Practice Institutional Ecology

 

Set an example of environmental responsibility by establishing institutional ecology policies and practices of resource conservation, recycling, waste reduction, and environmentally sound operations.

 

6.  Involve All Stakeholders

 

Encourage involvement of government, foundations, and industry in supporting interdisciplinary research, education, policy formation, and information exchange in environmentally sustainable development. Expand work with community and nongovernmental organizations to assist in finding solutions to environmental problems.

 

7.  Collaborate for Interdisciplinary Approaches

 

Convene university faculty and administrators with environmental practitioners to develop interdisciplinary approaches to curricula, research initiatives, operations, and outreach activities that support an environmentally sustainable future.

 

8.  Enhance Capacity of Primary and Secondary Schools

 

Establish partnerships with primary and secondary schools to help develop the capacity for interdisciplinary teaching about population, environment, and sustainable development.

 

9.  Broaden Service and Outreach Nationally and Internationally

 

Work with national and international organizations to promote a worldwide university effort toward a sustainable future.

 

10.  Maintain the Movement

 

Establish a Secretariat and a steering committee to continue this momentum, and to inform and support each other's efforts in carrying out this declaration.

 

 

VIII.  Appendix C: Environmental Resolutions of Southern Episcopal Dioceses

 

v    Alabama

 

The establishment of a Task Force for The Stewardship of Creation (passed at 172nd Convention)

 

Whereas, we are taught in the Scriptures that the earth is the LordÕs, and all that is therein;

 

Whereas, God has given humanity the gift and responsibility of serving as stewards of creation;

 

Whereas, Alabama is among the most blessed of our states in biological diversity,

 

And whereas, few states in the continental United States have a larger number of endangered species, or have lost a greater number of species to extinction,

 

Therefore, be it resolved, that a voluntary, non-budgetary Task Force for the Stewardship of Creation be formed to lead us in this essential ministry.

 

v    East Tennessee 

 

A Resolution on Environmental Stewardship (passed at Convention, February 7-9, 2003)

 

Be it resolved that the Nineteenth Annual convention of the Diocese of East Tennessee intends to lead this diocese into the right and respectful use of all the gifts and responsibilities God has bestowed upon us by urging all parishes and members to make a careful study of our conservation efforts and to adopt one or more of the following conservation measures:

 

Recycling and Re-use:

 

 

Energy:

 

 

Chemicals:

 

 

Representative at Convention: The Rev. Allan H. Cole, Environmental Stewardship, Chair

 

v    North Carolina

 

Stewardship of Water (passed at Convention, February 1, 2003)

 

Resolved that the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina, including member congregations and communicants, regard water resources as precious and recognize that the right use of water is an explicit means to show love for oneÕs neighbor since water connects people and all creatures throughout the global community; and be it further

 

Resolved that member congregations of the Diocese of North Carolina become active stewards of their water resources through conservation efforts including consumption reduction; through examination of water discharge such that contaminated water does not improperly leave church grounds; and through the creation of environmental programs for stewardship of water and the whole of Creation and for the education of congregants in regard to good and faithful stewardship of EarthÕs resources; and be it further

 

Resolved that member congregations and communicants undertake one or more of the following four stewardship steps:

1.     When and where possible, install water saving devices such as low-flow commodes and aspirators on sink faucets to conserve water.

2.     Replant parish campuses and home gardens with plants and trees that are drought tolerant and have low requirements for water.  It is also advised that plants and trees native to the local region be planted as these will have the capacity to survive local climatic conditions.

3.     When and where possible, devise drainage systems that allow rainwater to flow from gutters and drainpipes to spread onto lawn and landscaped areas of parish campus and in home gardens, thereby reducing water lost to sewer systems.

4.     Pave new or repave existing parking lots with materials that are pervious so that water penetrates and is sequestered in soil beneath parking area.  This will reduce opportunity for automotive oil and other automotive fluids to be washed downstream during rain events.  

 

Submitted by the Chartered Committee for Environmental Ministry, Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina

 

v    Tennessee

 

Resolution on Environmental Responsibility (passed at Convention, January 2002)

 

Resolved, that the 170th Convention of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee recommends that the congregations and the communicants of the diocese make every effort to conserve energy and choose environmentally friendly and renewable resources in our institutions and homes; and further be it

 

Resolved, that congregations and communicants of the diocese make every effort to examine the choices of energy generation, and to use environmentally safe and sustainable energy sources, especially those deriving from sun and wind; and further be it

 

Resolved, that the Bishop of Tennessee and the Bishop and Council of the Diocese of Tennessee explore ways in which the Diocese of Tennessee can become a resource center for questions and answers by congregations and communicants said diocese concerning the TVA Green Power Switch and energy conservation.

 

Explanation

 

Building on the resolution passed at the 1997 General Convention and the growing concern about global warming the Episcopal Church is moving towards a response that calls for more efficient use of energy and a supplier with less fossil fuel emission than in the past.

 

The spiritual implications of this scrutiny and economic choice will reflect our leadership role as stewards for the environment, stewards for the health of our children and stewards for the human rights and justice issues affecting the communities where electric generation plants are sited.

 

In April of 2000, here in Tennessee, many churches, businesses and individuals were invited to make the Green Power Switch. This provided an opportunity for people to put their "faith into action" and do something that demonstrates their love of Creation.

 

People in the Diocese of Tennessee can ask their power distributors to join the TVA Green Power program and if NES is their power distributor they can buy units of clean, renewable power.

 

Submitted by 

Environmental Ministerial Leader; 

 

 

VI. Appendix D: Recommended Reading

 

Austin, Richard Cartwright, Environmental Theology, 4 volumes. 1987-1990

1.     Baptized into Wilderness: A Christian Perspective on John Muir

2.     Beauty of the Lord: Awakening the Senses

3.     Hope for the Land: Nature in the Bible

4.     Reclaiming America: Restoring Nature to Culture

 

Bartlett, Peggy and Geoffrey Chase, Sustainability on Campus: Stories and Strategies for Change. 2004.

 

Creighton, Sarah Hammond, Greening the Ivory Tower: Improving the Environmental Track Record of Universities, Colleges, and Other Institutions. 1998.

 

Eagan, David and David Orr, The Campus and Environmental Responsibility. 1992.

 

Green Seal, Inc., Campus Green Buying Guide. 1994.

 

Keniry, Julian, Ecodemia: Campus Environmental Stewardship at the Turn of the 21st Century. 1995.

 

National Wildlife Federation, State of the Campus Environment: A National Report Card on Environmental Performance and Sustainability in Higher Education. 2001.

 

National Wildlife Federation, Green Investment, Green Return: How Practical Conservation Projects Save Millions on America's Campuses. 1998.

 

National Wildlife Federation. Campus Environmental Yearbook. (Produced Annually).

 

National Wildlife Federation, Video: ÒCampus Ecology: Higher Learning for a Higher Purpose.Ó 2001.

 

 

VII. Closing Thought

 

In the concluding chapter to her book Greening the Ivory Tower, Sarah Hammond Creighton writes:

 

The green university of tomorrow uses resources with care, considers the environmental impact of all its decisions, and makes these decisions with an eye toward waste reduction, energy efficiency, and reducing life-cycle impacts.  It uses its environmental stewardship ethic to guide teaching, research, and operations.  This universityÕs environmental footprint does not grow over time, since each new impact is offset by efficiency and waste reduction impacts elsewhere on campus.  The university uses its investments to promote other environmentally sensitive initiatives and incorporates environmental teaching into all courses.  Fiscally and academically, this university is sound, and it will continue to serve its students and alumni for years to come.[3]

 

Let us follow this model, integrating environmental sustainability into the heritage, life, and unique mission of Sewanee.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



[1] Keniry, Julian, Ecodemia, Preface, ix.

[2] Creighton, Sarah Hammond, Greening the Ivory Tower, 271.

[3] Creighton, Sarah Hammond, Greening the Ivory Tower, 286.